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※ (주2). The Lord’s predictions in Matthew (24 and 25), respecting the consummation of the age and His coming, and the consequent successive vastation of the church and the final judgment, are explained in the prefaces to chapters 26–40 of Genesis (n. 3353–3356, 3486–3489, 3650–3655, 3751–3757, 3897–3901, 4056–4060, 4229–4231, 4332–4335, 4422–4424, 4635–4638, 4661–4664, 4807–4810, 4954–4959, 5063–5071).

PREFACE (마24:15-18)

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In the preface to the preceding chapter there was unfolded what the Lord taught and foretold in Matthew 24, verses 8 to 14, concerning the last judgment, that is, the last days of the church (see n. 3486–3489). There now follow in order, for explication in accordance with the same method of procedure, the contents of verses 15 to 18 in the same chapter:

15그러므로 너희가 선지자 다니엘이 말한 바 멸망의 가증한 것이 거룩한 곳에 선 것을 보거든 (읽는 자는 깨달을진저) 16그 때에 유대에 있는 자들은 산으로 도망할지어다 17지붕 위에 있는 자는 집 안에 있는 물건을 가지러 내려가지 말며 18밭에 있는 자는 겉옷을 가지러 뒤로 돌이키지 말지어다 (마24:15-18) When therefore ye shall see the abomination of desolation which was told of by Daniel the prophet standing in the holy place, let him that readeth understand, then let them that are in Judea flee into the mountains; let him that is upon the housetop not go down to take anything out of his house; and let him that is in the field not return back to take his garment (Matt. 24:15–18).

※ 앞으로 영역 본문은 핵심 표현만 인용할지라도 한역 인용은 절 전체를 그대로 인용하겠습니다. 위 인용은 해당되지 않지만 말입니다.

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Everyone may see that these words contain arcana, and that unless these arcana are disclosed it is impossible to know what is meant by “them that are in Judea fleeing to the mountains”; by “him that is upon the housetop not going down to take anything out of his house”; and by “him that is in the field not returning back to take his garment.” Unless the internal sense were to teach what these words signify and enfold within them, the investigators and interpreters of the Word might be led away and fall into opinions altogether foreign to the truth; or it might even happen that those who at heart deny the holiness of the Word might come to the conclusion that such expressions merely describe flight and escape on the approach of an enemy; consequently that there is nothing more holy contained therein; when yet by these words of the Lord there is fully described a state of the devastation of the church in respect to the goods of love and the truths of faith; as may be seen from the following explication of the words in question.

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According to the internal sense, the signification is as now follows.

그러므로 너희가 멸망의 가증한 것을 보거든 When therefore ye shall see the abomination of desolation;

signifies the devastation of the church, which occurs when the Lord is no longer acknowledged; consequently when there is no love and no faith in him; also when there is no longer any charity toward the neighbor; and consequently when there is not any faith of good and truth. When this is the case in the church, or rather in the region where the Word is in existence—that is, when men are such in the thoughts of the heart, even if not in the doctrine of their lips—then there is “desolation,” and the things just mentioned are its “abomination”; so that the words “when ye shall see the abomination of desolation” signify when anyone observes such things; and what is to be done in such a case is told in what now follows in verses 16 to 18.

[2] 선지자 다니엘이 말한 바 Which was told of by Daniel the prophet;

in the internal sense signifies by the prophets; for where any prophet is mentioned by name in the Word, it is not the prophet that is meant, but the prophetic Word itself; because names never penetrate into heaven (see n. 1876, 1888); and yet the same is not signified by one prophet as by another. What is signified by “Moses,” “Elias,” and “Elisha,” may be seen in the preface to chapter 18 and in n. 2762; but by “Daniel” is signified everything prophetic concerning the Lord’s advent, and concerning the state of the church; in the present case concerning its last state. The subject of devastation is largely treated of in the prophets, and by it in the sense of the letter is signified the devastation of the Jewish and Israelitish church, but in the internal sense there is signified the devastation of the church in general, thus also the devastation which is now at hand.

[3] 거룩한 곳에 선 것을 Standing in the holy place;

signifies devastation as to all things which are of good and truth; the “holy place” is a state of love and faith (that “place” in the internal sense is state, see above, n. 2625, 2837, 3356, 3387); the holy of this state is the good which is of love, and the derivative truth which is of faith; and nothing else than these is meant by “holy” in the Word, because these things are from the Lord, who is the holy itself, or the sanctuary.

읽는 자는 깨달을진저 Let him that readeth understand;

signifies that these things are to be well observed by those who are in the church, especially by those who are in love and faith; who now come to be treated of.

[4] 그 때에 유대에 있는 자들은 산으로 도망할지어다 Then let them that are in Judea flee into the mountains;

signifies that they who are of the church will not look elsewhere than to the Lord, thus to love to him, and to charity toward the neighbor (that by “Judea” is signified the church, will be shown below; that by a “mountain” is signified the Lord himself, but by “mountains” love to him, and charity toward the neighbor, may be seen above, n. 795, 796, 1430, 2722). According to the sense of the letter the meaning would be that when Jerusalem was besieged, as it came to be by the Romans, then they should not betake themselves thither, but to the mountains, according to what is written in Luke:

20너희가 예루살렘이 군대들에게 에워싸이는 것을 보거든 그 멸망이 가까운 줄을 알라 21그 때에 유대에 있는 자들은 산으로 도망갈 것이며 성내에 있는 자들은 나갈 것이며 촌에 있는 자들은 그리로 들어가지 말지어다 (눅21:20, 21) When ye see Jerusalem compassed with armies, then know that her devastation is at hand. Then let them that are in Judea flee upon the mountains; and let them that are in the midst of her depart out; and let not them that are in the regions enter therein (Luke 21:20–21);

[5] but in this passage the case is the same with Jerusalem, namely, that in the sense of the letter it is Jerusalem which is understood, while in the internal sense it is the Lord’s church (see n. 402, 2117); for each and all of the things recorded in the Word concerning the Jewish and Israelitish people are representative of the Lord’s kingdom in the heavens, and of his kingdom on earth; that is, of the church, as has been often shown. Hence it is that by “Jerusalem” in the internal sense is nowhere meant Jerusalem, nor by “Judea,” Judea. But these matters were of such a nature as to be capable of representing the celestial and spiritual things of the Lord’s kingdom, and the events took place for the sake of the representation. In this way the Word could be so written as to be adapted to the apprehension of the man who should read it, and also to the understanding of the angels who are with the man. This likewise was the reason why the Lord spoke in the same manner; for had he spoken otherwise, his Word would not have been adapted to the understanding of those who read it, especially at that time; nor to the understanding of the angels; thus it would neither have been received by man, nor understood by the angels.

[6] 지붕 위에 있는 자는 집 안에 있는 물건을 가지러 내려가지 말며 Let him that is upon the housetop not go down to take anything out of his house;

signifies that such as are in the good of charity should not betake themselves to those things which belong to doctrinal matters of faith. In the Word the “housetop” signifies the higher state of man, thus his state as to good; but those things which are below it signify the lower state of man, thus his state as to truth (n. 710, 1708, 2233, 2234, 3142, 3538). As regards the state of a man of the church, the case is this: While he is being regenerated he learns truths for the sake of good, for he has the affection of truth on this account; but after he has been regenerated he acts from truth and good. After the man has arrived at this state he ought not to betake himself to his former state, for if he should do this he would reason from truth concerning the good in which he is, and would thereby pervert his state, for all reasoning ceases, and ought to cease, when a man is in a state to will what is true and good; for he then thinks and acts from the will, consequently from conscience, and not as before from the understanding; and if he should again think and act from this, he would fall into temptations in which he would succumb. This then is what is signified by “Let him that is upon the housetop not go down to take anything out of his house.”

[7] 밭에 있는 자는 겉옷을 가지러 뒤로 돌이키지 말지어다 And let him that is in the field not return back to take his garment;

(that is, his tunic), signifies that such as are in the good of truth should not betake themselves from the good thereof to what is doctrinal of truth. In the Word a “field” signifies this state of man in respect to good (what is meant by “field” may be seen above, n. 368, 2971, 3196, 3310, 3317, 3500, 3508); and a “garment” or “tunic” signifies that which clothes good, that is, what is doctrinal of truth, for this is as clothing to good (that a “garment” has this signification may be seen above, n. 297, 1073, 2576, 3301). Everyone can see that in these words deeper things are hidden than those which appear in the letter, for they were spoken by the Lord himself.

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From all this it is now evident that in these verses there is fully described the state of devastation of the church in respect to the goods of love and the truths of faith, and that at the same time there is given an exhortation to those who are in these goods and truths in regard to what they ought then to do. There are three kinds of men within the church; namely, those who are in love to the Lord; those who are in charity toward the neighbor; and those who are in the affection of truth. Those who belong to the first class, who are in love to the Lord, are specifically signified in the words, “let them that are in Judea flee into the mountains.” Those in the second class, who are in charity toward their neighbor, are specifically signified in the words, “let him that is upon the housetop not go down to take anything out of his house.” Those in the third class, who are in the affection of truth, are specifically signified in the words, “and let him that is in the field not return back to take his garment.” (See what has been said and explained above in regard to these words, n. 2454; and what is meant by “returning back,” and “looking behind him.”)

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That in the internal sense of the Word “Judea” does not signify Judea; nor in like manner “Jerusalem,” Jerusalem, may be seen from many passages in the Word. “Judea” is not so frequently mentioned in the Word as is the “land of Judah,” and by the “land of Judah,” as well as by the “land of Canaan,” is signified the Lord’s kingdom (consequently also the church, for the church is the Lord’s kingdom on earth), and this for the reason that the Lord’s celestial kingdom was represented by Judah, or by the Jewish nation, and his spiritual kingdom by Israel, or the Israelitish people; and inasmuch as it was so represented, therefore also when mention is made in the Word of that nation and people, in the internal sense there is nothing else signified thereby.

[2] That this is the case will appear from what of the Lord’s Divine mercy will be said hereafter concerning Judah and the land of Judah; and in the meantime from the following few passages in the prophets. In Isaiah:

1나는 내가 사랑하는 자를 위하여 노래하되 내가 사랑하는 자의 포도원을 노래하리라 내가 사랑하는 자에게 포도원이 있음이여 심히 기름진 산에로다 2땅을 파서 돌을 제하고 극상품 포도나무를 심었도다 그 중에 망대를 세웠고 또 그 안에 술틀을 팠도다 좋은 포도 맺기를 바랐더니 들포도를 맺었도다 3예루살렘 주민과 유다 사람들아 구하노니 이제 나와 내 포도원 사이에서 사리를 판단하라, 6내가 그것을 황폐하게 하리니 다시는 가지를 자름이나 북을 돋우지 못하여 찔레와 가시가 날 것이며 내가 또 구름에게 명하여 그 위에 비를 내리지 못하게 하리라 하셨으니 7무릇 만군의 여호와의 포도원은 이스라엘 족속이요 그가 기뻐하시는 나무는 유다 사람이라 그들에게 정의를 바라셨더니 도리어 포학이요 그들에게 공의를 바라셨더니 도리어 부르짖음이었도다 (사5:1-3, 6-7) My beloved had a vineyard in the horn of a son of oil; and he made a hedge about it, and gathered out the stones thereof, and planted it with a noble vine, and built a tower in the midst of it, and also hewed out a winepress therein; and he looked that it should bring forth grapes, and it brought forth wild grapes. And now O inhabitant of Jerusalem, and man of Judah, judge I pray you between me and my vineyard. I will make it a desolation. For the vineyard of Jehovah Zebaoth is the house of Israel, and the man of Judah is the plant of his delights; and he looked for judgment, but behold a festering; for righteousness, but behold a cry (Isa. 5:1–3, 6–7).

In this passage, in the sense of the letter, the perverted state of the Israelites and Jews is treated of, but in the internal sense the perverted state of the church as represented by Israel and Judah. The “inhabitant of Jerusalem” is the good of the church (that “inhabitant” signifies good, or what is the same, those who are in good, may be seen above, n. 2268, 2451, 2712, 3613; and that “Jerusalem” signifies the church, see n. 402, 2117). The signification of the “house of Israel” is similar (that “house” signifies good may be seen above, n. 710, 1708, 2233, 2234, 3142, 3538; and that “Israel” signifies the church, n. 3305); in like manner the “man of Judah,” for by “man” is signified truth (n. 265, 749, 1007, 3134, 3310, 3459), and by “Judah” good, but with the difference that the “man of Judah” signifies truth from the good of love to the Lord (which is called celestial truth), that is, those who are in such truth.

[3] In the same:

12여호와께서 열방을 향하여 기치를 세우시고 이스라엘의 쫓긴 자들을 모으시며 땅 사방에서 유다의 흩어진 자들을 모으시리니 13에브라임의 질투는 없어지고 유다를 괴롭게 하던 자들은 끊어지며 에브라임은 유다를 질투하지 아니하며 유다는 에브라임을 괴롭게 하지 아니할 것이요, 15여호와께서 애굽 해만을 말리시고 그의 손을 유브라데 하수 위에 흔들어 뜨거운 바람을 일으켜 그 하수를 쳐 일곱 갈래로 나누어 신을 신고 건너가게 하실 것이라 16그의 남아 있는 백성 곧 앗수르에서 남은 자들을 위하여 큰 길이 있게 하시되 이스라엘이 애굽 땅에서 나오던 날과 같게 하시리라 (사11:12-13, 15-16) And he shall set up an ensign for the nations, and shall assemble the outcasts of Israel, and gather together the dispersed of Judah from the four wings of the earth. The envy also of Ephraim shall depart, and the enemies of Judah shall be cut off. Ephraim shall not envy Judah, and Judah shall not straiten Ephraim. Jehovah shall accurse the tongue of the Egyptian sea, and with the vehemence of his breath shall shake his hand over the river. And there shall be a highway for the remains of his people, which shall be left from Asshur (Isa. 11:12–13, 15–16).

The subject here treated of in the sense of the letter is the bringing back of the Israelites and Jews from captivity, but in the internal sense it is concerning a new church in general and with every individual in particular who is being regenerated or is becoming a church. The “outcasts of Israel” denote the truths of such persons; the “dispersed of Judah,” their goods; “Ephraim,” their intellectual part in that it will no longer be resistant; “Egypt,” memory-knowledges; and “Asshur,” the derivative reasoning, which they have perverted; the “outcasts,” the “dispersed,” the “remains,” and “those who are left,” denote the truths and goods which survive. (That “Ephraim” denotes the intellectual part will be made manifest elsewhere; and that “Egypt” is memory-knowledge, n. 1164–1165, 1186, 1462, 2588, 3325; that “Asshur” is reasoning, n. 119, 1186; and that “remains” are goods and truths from the Lord stored up in the interior man, n. 468, 530, 560–561, 660–661, 798, 1050, 1738, 1906, 2284.)

[4] In the same:

1야곱의 집이여 이를 들을지어다 너희는 이스라엘의 이름으로 일컬음을 받으며 유다의 허리에서 나왔으며 여호와의 이름으로 맹세하며 이스라엘의 하나님을 기념하면서도 진실이 없고 공의가 없도다 2그들은 거룩한 성 출신이라고 스스로 부르며 이스라엘의 하나님을 의지한다 하며 그의 이름이 만군의 여호와라고 하나 (사48:1, 2) Hear ye this, O house of Jacob, called by the name of Israel, and they have come forth out of the waters of Judah. For they call themselves of the holy city, and stay themselves upon the God of Israel (Isa. 48:1–2);

where the “waters of Judah” denote the truths which are from the good of love to the Lord; the truths thence derived are the very goods of charity, which are called spiritual goods, and constitute the spiritual church, the internal of which is “Israel,” and the external the “house of Jacob”; hence it is manifest what is signified by the “house of Jacob called by the name of Israel,” and by their “coming forth out of the waters of Judah.”

[5] In the same:

내가 야곱에게서 씨를 내며 유다에게서 나의 산들을 기업으로 얻을 자를 내리니 내가 택한 자가 이를 기업으로 얻을 것이요 나의 종들이 거기에 살 것이라 (사65:9) I will bring forth a seed out of Jacob, and out of Judah an inheritor of my mountains; and mine elect shall possess it, and my servants shall dwell there (Isa. 65:9);

“out of Judah an inheritor of mountains” in the supreme sense denotes the Lord, and in the representative sense those who are in love to him, thus in the good of love to the Lord and of love to the neighbor. (That “mountains” signify these goods was shown above, n. 3652.)

[6] So in Moses:

유다는 사자 새끼로다 내 아들아 너는 움킨 것을 찢고 올라갔도다 그가 엎드리고 웅크림이 수사자 같고 암사자 같으니 누가 그를 범할 수 있으랴 (창49:9) Judah is a lion’s whelp; from the prey my son thou art gone up; he stooped down, he couched as a lion, and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up? (Gen. 49:9);

where it is clearly manifest that in the supreme sense by “Judah” is meant the Lord, and in the representative sense those who are in the good of love to him. So in David:

1이스라엘이 애굽에서 나오며 야곱의 집안이 언어가 다른 민족에게서 나올 때에 2유다는 여호와의 성소가 되고 이스라엘은 그의 영토가 되었도다 (시114:1-2) When Israel went forth out of Egypt, the house of Jacob from a barbarous people, Judah became his sanctuary, Israel his dominion (Ps. 114:1–2);

in this passage also “Judah” denotes celestial good, which is the good of love to the Lord; and “Israel,” celestial truth, or spiritual good.

[7] So in Jeremiah:

5여호와의 말씀이니라 보라 때가 이르리니 내가 다윗에게 한 의로운 가지를 일으킬 것이라 그가 왕이 되어 지혜롭게 다스리며 세상에서 정의와 공의를 행할 것이며 6그의 날에 유다는 구원을 받겠고 이스라엘은 평안히 살 것이며 그의 이름은 여호와 우리의 공의라 일컬음을 받으리라 (렘23:5-6) Behold the days come, saith Jehovah, that I will raise unto David a righteous offshoot, and he shall reign as king, and prosper, and shall execute judgment and righteousness in the earth. In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell securely; and this is his name whereby he shall be called Jehovah our righteousness (Jer. 23:5–6; 33:15–16);

15그 날 그 때에 내가 다윗에게서 한 공의로운 가지가 나게 하리니 그가 이 땅에 정의와 공의를 실행할 것이라 16그 날에 유다가 구원을 받겠고 예루살렘이 안전히 살 것이며 이 성은 여호와는 우리의 의라는 이름을 얻으리라 (렘33:15-16)

where the Lord’s advent is treated of, “Judah” denoting those who are in the good of love to the Lord; “Israel,” those who are in the truth of this good. That by “Judah” is not meant Judah, nor by “Israel” Israel, is evident from the fact that neither Judah nor Israel was saved. In like manner in the same:

내가 유다의 포로와 이스라엘의 포로를 돌아오게 하여 그들을 처음과 같이 세울 것이며 (렘33:7) I will cause the captivity of Judah and the captivity of Israel to return, and will build them as at the first (Jer. 33:7).

4여호와의 말씀이니라 그 날 그 때에 이스라엘 자손이 돌아오며 유다 자손도 함께 돌아오되 그들이 울면서 그 길을 가며 그의 하나님 여호와께 구할 것이며 5그들이 그 얼굴을 시온으로 향하여 그 길을 물으며 말하기를 너희는 오라 잊을 수 없는 영원한 언약으로 여호와와 연합하라 하리라 (렘50:4-5) In those days, and in that time, saith Jehovah, the sons of Israel shall come, they and the sons of Judah together; going and weeping shall they go, and shall seek Jehovah their God; and they shall seek Zion in the way with their faces thitherward (Jer. 50:4–5).

17그 때에 예루살렘이 그들에게 여호와의 보좌라 일컬음이 되며 모든 백성이 그리로 모이리니 곧 여호와의 이름으로 말미암아 예루살렘에 모이고 다시는 그들의 악한 마음의 완악한 대로 그들이 행하지 아니할 것이며 18그 때에 유다 족속이 이스라엘 족속과 동행하여 북에서부터 나와서 내가 너희 조상들에게 기업으로 준 땅에 그들이 함께 이르리라 (렘3:17-18) At that time they shall call Jerusalem the throne of Jehovah; and all the nations shall be gathered unto it, for the name of Jehovah, to Jerusalem; neither shall they walk any more after the stubbornness of their evil heart. In those days the house of Judah shall walk to the house of Israel, and they shall come together out of the land of the north upon the land (Jer. 3:17–18).

[8] Again:

27여호와의 말씀이니라 보라 내가 사람의 씨와 짐승의 씨를 이스라엘 집과 유다 집에 뿌릴 날이 이르리니, 31여호와의 말씀이니라 보라 날이 이르리니 내가 이스라엘 집과 유다 집에 새 언약을 맺으리라, 33그러나 그 날 후에 내가 이스라엘 집과 맺을 언약은 이러하니 곧 내가 나의 법을 그들의 속에 두며 그들의 마음에 기록하여 나는 그들의 하나님이 되고 그들은 내 백성이 될 것이라 여호와의 말씀이니라 (렘31:27, 31, 33) Behold the days come, saith Jehovah, that I will sow the house of Israel and the house of Judah with the seed of man, and with the seed of beast. And I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah; this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days; I will put my law in the midst of them, and will write it on their heart (Jer. 31:27, 31, 33).

That Israel or the house of Israel is not here meant is very evident, because they were dispersed among the gentiles, and were never brought back out of captivity; consequently neither was Judah nor the house of Judah meant, but thereby were signified, in the internal sense, those who are of the Lord’s spiritual and celestial kingdom. With these is made a new covenant, and on their heart is the law written; a “new covenant” denoting conjunction with the Lord by means of good (see n. 665–666, 1023, 1038, 1864, 1996, 2003, 2021, 2037); the “law written on their heart,” denoting the consequent perception of good and of truth, and also conscience.

[9] So in Joel:

18그 날에 산들이 단 포도주를 떨어뜨릴 것이며 작은 산들이 젖을 흘릴 것이며 유다 모든 시내가 물을 흘릴 것이며 여호와의 성전에서 샘이 흘러 나와서 싯딤 골짜기에 대리라 19그러나 애굽은 황무지가 되겠고 에돔은 황무한 들이 되리니 이는 그들이 유다 자손에게 포악을 행하여 무죄한 피를 그 땅에서 흘렸음이니라 20유다는 영원히 있겠고 예루살렘은 대대로 있으리라 (욜3:18-20) And it shall come to pass in that day that the mountains shall drop new wine, and the hills shall flow with milk, and all the streams of Judah shall flow with waters; and a fountain shall go forth out of the house of Jehovah, and shall water the stream of Shittim. Egypt shall be a waste, and Edom shall be for a wilderness of a waste for the violence done to the sons of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land. But Judah shall abide forever, and Jerusalem to generation and generation (Joel 3:18-20);

from all the particulars in this passage also it is manifest that by “Judah” is not meant Judah, nor by “Jerusalem,” Jerusalem, but those who are in the holy of love and of charity; for these “shall abide forever, and to generation and generation.”

[10] So in Malachi:

1만군의 여호와가 이르노라 보라 내가 내 사자를 보내리니 그가 내 앞에서 길을 준비할 것이요 또 너희가 구하는 바 주가 갑자기 그의 성전에 임하시리니 곧 너희가 사모하는 바 언약의 사자가 임하실 것이라, 4그 때에 유다와 예루살렘의 봉헌물이 옛날과 고대와 같이 나 여호와께 기쁨이 되려니와 (말3:1, 4) Behold I send mine angel who shall prepare the way before me; and the Lord whom ye seek shall suddenly come to his temple, even the angel of the covenant whom ye desire. Then shall the offering of Judah and Jerusalem be pleasant unto Jehovah, as in the days of eternity, and as in former years (Mal. 3:1, 4);

where the Lord’s advent is treated of. That at that time the offering of Judah and Jerusalem was not pleasant unto Jehovah is evident; and from this it is manifest that by “Judah and Jerusalem” are signified such things as are of the Lord’s church. The case is the same everywhere in the Word where mention is made of “Judah,” of “Israel,” and of “Jerusalem.” From all this then it is evident what is signified by “Judah” in Matthew, namely, the Lord’s church, in the present case vastated.

3655

The subject treated of in the preceding verses from the evangelist was the first and second state of the church’s perversion. That the first state consisted in their beginning no longer to know what is good and what is true, and in disputing together about them, whence came falsities, may be seen above (n. 3354); and that the second state consisted in their despising what is good and true, and also in being averse thereto, and thus in the dying out of faith in the Lord, according to the degrees of the cessation of charity, may be seen above (n. 3487–3488). So that the subject treated of in this preface is the third state of the church, which is its state of desolation in respect to good and truth.

※ (주2). The Lord’s predictions in Matthew (24 and 25), respecting the consummation of the age and His coming, and the consequent successive vastation of the church and the final judgment, are explained in the prefaces to chapters 26–40 of Genesis (n. 3353–3356, 3486–3489, 3650–3655, 3751–3757, 3897–3901, 4056–4060, 4229–4231, 4332–4335, 4422–4424, 4635–4638, 4661–4664, 4807–4810, 4954–4959, 5063–5071).

PERVERSION OF THE CHURCH (마24:8-14)

3486

At the beginning of the preceding chapter (n. 3353– 3356) were unfolded the things the Lord spoke and foretold concerning the consummation of the age, or the end of the days of the church (Matt. 24:3–7). Here, of the Lord’s Divine mercy it is permitted to unfold the things which follow on in order in the same chapter (verses 8–14), where are these words:

8이 모든 것은 재난의 시작이니라 9그 때에 사람들이 너희를 환난에 넘겨주겠으며 너희를 죽이리니 너희가 내 이름 때문에 모든 민족에게 미움을 받으리라 10그 때에 많은 사람이 실족하게 되어 서로 잡아주고 서로 미워하겠으며 11거짓 선지자가 많이 일어나 많은 사람을 미혹하겠으며 12불법이 성하므로 많은 사람의 사랑이 식어지리라 13그러나 끝까지 견디는 자는 구원을 얻으리라 14이 천국 복음이 모든 민족에게 증언되기 위하여 온 세상에 전파되리니 그제야 끝이 오리라 (마24:8-14) All these things are the beginning of sorrows. Then shall they deliver you into tribulation, and shall kill you; and ye shall be hated of all nations for my name’s sake. And then shall many be offended, and shall deliver up one another, and shall hate one another. And many false prophets shall arise, and shall lead many astray. And because iniquity shall be multiplied, the charity of many shall wax cold. But he that endureth to the end, the same shall be saved. And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in the whole inhabited earth, for a testimony unto all nations; and then shall the end come (Matt. 24:8–14).

3예수께서 감람 산 위에 앉으셨을 때에 제자들이 조용히 와서 이르되 우리에게 이르소서 어느 때에 이런 일이 있겠사오며 또 주의 임하심과 세상 끝에는 무슨 징조가 있사오리이까 4예수께서 대답하여 이르시되 너희가 사람의 미혹을 받지 않도록 주의하라 5많은 사람이 내 이름으로 와서 이르되 나는 그리스도라 하여 많은 사람을 미혹하리라 6난리와 난리 소문을 듣겠으나 너희는 삼가 두려워하지 말라 이런 일이 있어야 하되 아직 끝은 아니니라 7민족이 민족을, 나라가 나라를 대적하여 일어나겠고 곳곳에 기근과 지진이 있으리니 (마24:3-7)

3487

By the words that precede and that have been already unfolded (n. 3353–3356), there was described the first state of the perversion of the church, which was that they would begin no longer to know what is good and what is true; but would dispute about it among themselves, from which falsities would originate. By the words now cited there is described the second state of the perversion of the church, which is that they would despise good and truth, and also turn away from them and thus that faith in the Lord would step by step expire, as charity would cease.

3488

That the second state of the perversion of the church was described by the foregoing words of the Lord in the evangelist, is evident from their internal sense, which is as follows:

8이 모든 것은 재난의 시작이니라 All these things are the beginning of sorrows;

signifies those things which precede—that is, which are of the first state of the perversion of the church—which as before said is that they would begin no longer to know what is good and what is true, but would dispute about it among themselves, from which would arise falsities, and therefore heresies. That such things perverted the church before many centuries had elapsed is evident from the fact that the church in the Christian world was divided, and this according to opinions concerning good and truth; thus that the perversion of the church commenced long ago.

[2] 9그 때에 사람들이 너희를 환난에 넘겨주겠으며 너희를 죽이리니 Then shall they deliver you into tribulation, and shall kill you;

signifies that good and truth would perish, first by “tribulation,” that is, by perversion; afterwards by their “killing” them, that is, by denial. (That to “kill,” when predicated of good and truth, is not to receive, thus is to deny, may be seen above, n. 3387, 3395.) By “you,” that is, by the apostles, are signified all things of faith in one complex, thus its good as well as its truth. That these things are signified by the twelve apostles may be seen above (n. 577, 2089, 2129, 2130, 3272, 3354) and here the same is clearly evident; for it is not the preaching of the apostles that is treated of, but the consummation of the age.

[3] 9너희가 내 이름 때문에 모든 민족에게 미움을 받으리라 And ye shall be hated of all nations for my name’s sake;

signifies contempt and aversion for all things which are of good and truth; “to hate” is to despise and hold in aversion, for this is of hatred; “of all nations” signifies by those who are in evil (that such are meant by “nations” may be seen above, n. 1259, 1260, 1849, 1868, 2588); “for my name’s sake” is on account of the Lord, thus on account of all things which are from him (that the Lord’s “name” is everything in one complex by which he is worshiped, thus everything which is of his church, may be seen above, n. 2724, 3006).

[4] 10그 때에 많은 사람이 실족하게 되어 서로 잡아주고 서로 미워하겠으며 And then shall many be offended, and shall deliver up one another, and shall hate one another;

signifies enmities on account of these things; “many shall be offended” denotes enmity in itself; the human itself of the Lord is that against which there is enmity; that this would be an offense and a stumbling-block is here and there predicted in the Word; “they shall deliver up one another” denotes enmity among themselves from falsity against truth; “and shall hate one another” denotes enmity among themselves from evil against good.

[5] 11거짓 선지자가 많이 일어나 많은 사람을 미혹하겠으며 And many false prophets shall arise, and shall lead many astray;

signifies preachings of falsity (that “false prophets” are those who teach falsities, thus false doctrine, may be seen above, n. 2534) “and shall lead many astray” denotes that there should be derivations therefrom.

[6] 12불법이 성하므로 많은 사람의 사랑이 식어지리라 And because iniquity shall be multiplied, the charity of many shall wax cold;

signifies the expiring of charity together with faith; “because iniquity shall be multiplied” denotes according to the falsities of faith; “the charity of many shall wax cold” denotes the expiring of charity, for they keep pace together; where faith is not, there charity is not, and where charity is not, faith is not; but charity is that which receives faith, and no charity is that which rejects faith: this is the origin of every falsity and every evil.

[7] 13그러나 끝까지 견디는 자는 구원을 얻으리라 But he that endureth to the end, the same shall be saved;

signifies the salvation of those who are in charity; “he that endureth to the end” is he who does not suffer himself to be led astray, thus who does not succumb in temptations.

[8] 14이 천국 복음이 모든 민족에게 증언되기 위하여 온 세상에 전파되리니 And this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in the whole inhabited earth, for a testimony unto all nations;

signifies that this should first become known in the Christian world; “shall be preached” denotes that it should be made known; “this gospel of the kingdom” is this truth that it is so; “gospel” denotes the annunciation; “kingdom” denotes truth (that “kingdom” denotes truth may be seen above, n. 1672, 2547); “in the whole inhabited earth” denotes the Christian world (that “earth” is the region where the church is, thus the Christian world, may be seen above, n. 662, 1066, 1067, 1262, 1733, 1850, 2117, 2118, 2928, 3355). The church here is called “inhabited” from the life of faith, that is, from the good which is of truth; for in the internal sense “to inhabit” denotes to live; and the “inhabitants” are the goods of truth (n. 1293, 2268, 2451, 2712, 3384); “for a testimony” denotes that they may know, and not make a pretext that they have been ignorant; “to all nations” denotes to evils (n. 1259, 1260, 1849, 1868, 2588); for when they are in falsity and evil, they no longer know what is true and what is good; they then believe falsity to be truth, and evil to be good, and the reverse; and when the church is in this state, “then shall the end come.” In what now follows and what of the Lord’s Divine mercy will be unfolded prefatory to the next chapter of Genesis, that state of the church is treated of which is called the “abomination of desolation,” which is the third state.

3489

That the church is of such a character does not appear to those who are within the church; namely, that they despise and hold in aversion all things which are of good and truth; also that they bear enmities against such things, and especially against the Lord himself; for they frequent places of worship, hear preaching, and are in a kind of sanctity when there; they go to the holy supper, and at times converse with one another in a becoming manner concerning such things—this is done by bad men as well as by good men—and they also live among themselves in civic charity or friendship. Consequently in the eyes of men no contempt appears, still less aversion; and less still enmity against the goods and truths of faith, and thus against the Lord. These things however are external forms by which one person misleads another; while the internal forms of the men of the church are altogether unlike, being quite contrary to the external forms. The internal forms are those which are here described, and which are as above mentioned; their real quality appears to the life in the heavens, for the angels do not attend to any other than internal things, that is, to ends, or to intentions and desires, and to the derivative thoughts.

[2] How unlike these are to the externals is evident from those who come from the Christian world into the other life, concerning whom see above (n. 2121–2126); for in the other life they think and speak according to their internals alone; for externals are left behind together with the body; and there it is manifest that however peaceable such have seemed in the world, they nevertheless entertained hatred one against another, and against all things which are of faith, and especially against the Lord; for when in the other life the Lord is merely mentioned in their presence, a sphere not only of contempt but also of aversion and enmity against him is manifestly exhaled and diffused from them, even from those who in appearance had spoken and preached piously about him; and it is the same when charity and faith are mentioned.

[3] In the internal form (which is there manifested) they are of such a character that if while they had lived in this world their externals had been loosed and removed, that is, had they not then feared for their life and had they not feared the laws, and especially had they not feared for their reputation, on account of the honors which they solicited and pursued, and on account of the wealth which they desired and eagerly sought, they would have rushed one against another with intestine hatred, in accordance with their impulses and thoughts; and would have seized the goods of others without any conscience, and likewise without any conscience would have butchered others, most especially the innocent. Such as regards their interiors are Christians at this day [A.D. 1751], except a few whom they do not know; from which it is evident what is the quality of the church.

※ (주2). The Lord’s predictions in Matthew (24 and 25), respecting the consummation of the age and His coming, and the consequent successive vastation of the church and the final judgment, are explained in the prefaces to chapters 26–40 of Genesis (n. 3353–3356, 3486–3489, 3650–3655, 3751–3757, 3897–3901, 4056–4060, 4229–4231, 4332–4335, 4422–4424, 4635–4638, 4661–4664, 4807–4810, 4954–4959, 5063–5071).

THE LAST JUDGMENT (마24:3-7)

3353

Most men believe that when the last judgment comes, all things in the visible world will be destroyed; that the earth will be consumed by fire; the sun and the moon dissipated; that the stars will vanish away; and that a new heaven and a new earth will afterwards arise. They have conceived this opinion from the prophetic revelations in which such things are mentioned. But that the case is very different may be seen from what has been shown above concerning the last judgment (n. 900, 931, 1850, 2117–2133); from which it is manifest that the last judgment is nothing else than the end of the church with one nation, and its beginning with another, which end and beginning occur when there is no longer any acknowledgment of the Lord, or what is the same, when there is no faith. There is no acknowledgment, or no faith, when there is no charity; for faith is impossible except with those who are in charity. That at such a time there is an end of the church, and a transference of it to others, is plainly evident from all the things the Lord himself taught and foretold in the evangelists concerning that last day, or consummation of the age (Matt. 24, Mark 13, and Luke 21).

[2] But as these passages cannot be comprehended by anyone without the key, which is the internal sense, I may unfold in regular order the things contained in them, beginning here with these words in Matthew:

3예수께서 감람 산 위에 앉으셨을 때에 제자들이 조용히 와서 이르되 우리에게 이르소서 어느 때에 이런 일이 있겠사오며 또 주의 임하심과 세상 끝에는 무슨 징조가 있사오리이까 4예수께서 대답하여 이르시되 너희가 사람의 미혹을 받지 않도록 주의하라 5많은 사람이 내 이름으로 와서 이르되 나는 그리스도라 하여 많은 사람을 미혹하리라 6난리와 난리 소문을 듣겠으나 너희는 삼가 두려워하지 말라 이런 일이 있어야 하되 아직 끝은 아니니라 7민족이 민족을, 나라가 나라를 대적하여 일어나겠고 곳곳에 기근과 지진이 있으리니 8이 모든 것은 재난의 시작이니라 (마24:3-8) The disciples came unto him privately, saying, Tell us, when shall these things be? And what shall be the sign of thy coming, and of the consummation of the age? And Jesus answered and said unto them, See that no man lead you astray. For many shall come in my name, saying, I am the Christ; and shall lead many astray. And ye shall hear of wars and rumors of wars; see that ye be not troubled; for these things must needs come to pass; but the end is not yet. For nation shall be stirred up against nation, and kingdom against kingdom; and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes in diverse places. But all these things are the beginning of sorrows (Matt. 24:3–8).

It is impossible for those who remain in the sense of the letter to know whether these things and those which follow in the chapter were spoken concerning the destruction of Jerusalem and the dispersion of the Jewish nation, or concerning the end of days, called the last judgment; but they who are in the internal sense see clearly that the end of the church is here treated of, which end is what is here and elsewhere called the coming of the Lord and the consummation of the age. And because this is the end which is meant, it may be known that all these expressions signify things of the church; but what they signify may appear from the several particulars in the internal sense, as when it is said that “many shall come in my name, saying, I am the Christ; and shall lead many astray,” where “name” does not signify name, nor “Christ,” Christ; but “name” signifies that by which the Lord is worshiped (n. 2724, 3006); and “Christ” signifies truth itself (n. 3009–3010); thus it is meant that there would come those who would say, “This is of faith,” or “This is true,” when yet it is neither of faith, nor true, but false. That they “should hear of wars and rumors of wars” denotes that there would be disputes and strife concerning truths, which are wars in the spiritual sense. That “nation should be stirred up against nation, and kingdom against kingdom” signifies that evil would fight with evil, and falsity with falsity. (That “nation” signifies good, but in the opposite sense evil, may be seen above, n. 1259–1260, 1416, 1849; and also that “kingdom” signifies truth, but in the opposite sense falsity, n. 1672, 2547.) “And there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes in diverse places” signifies that there would be no longer any knowledges of good and of truth, and thus that the state of the church would be changed, which is an “earthquake.”

3354

From these things it is manifest what is meant by these words of the Lord, namely, the first state of the church’s perversion, which comes to pass when men begin no longer to know what is good and what is true, but dispute among themselves concerning them, whence arise falsities. As this is the first state, it is said that “the end is not yet,” and that “these things are the beginning of sorrows”; and this state is called “earthquakes in diverse places,” which signifies in the internal sense a change of the state of the church in part, or at first. That all this was said to the disciples, signifies that it is said to all who are of the church, for the twelve disciples represented all such (n. 2089, 2129, 2130); and therefore it is said, “See that no man lead you astray”; also, “Ye shall hear of wars and rumors of wars; see that ye be not troubled.”

3355

That in the internal sense an “earthquake” signifies a change in the state of the church is evident from the signification of “earth” as being the church (n. 566, 662, 1066–1067, 1262, 1733, 1850, 2117–2118, 2928); and from the signification of “quaking,” or movement, as being a change of state; here, as to the things of the church, namely, in respect to good and truth. The same is also evident from other passages in the Word, as in Isaiah:

18두려운 소리로 말미암아 도망하는 자는 함정에 빠지겠고 함정 속에서 올라오는 자는 올무에 걸리리니 이는 위에 있는 문이 열리고 땅의 기초가 진동함이라 19땅이 깨지고 깨지며 땅이 갈라지고 갈라지며 땅이 흔들리고 흔들리며 20땅이 취한 자 같이 비틀비틀하며 원두막 같이 흔들리며 그 위의 죄악이 중하므로 떨어져서 다시는 일어나지 못하리라 21그 날에 여호와께서 높은 데에서 높은 군대를 벌하시며 땅에서 땅의 왕들을 벌하시리니 (사24:18-21) It shall come to pass that he who fleeth from the voice of the dread shall fall into the pit; and he that cometh up out of the midst of the pit shall be taken in the snare; for the cataracts from on high were opened, and the foundations of the earth were shaken; in breaking the earth is broken; in moving the earth is moved; reeling the earth reeleth like a drunken man, and sways to and fro like a hut; and the transgression thereof is heavy upon it; and it shall fall and not rise again. And it shall come to pass in that day that Jehovah shall visit upon the army of the height on high, and upon the kings of the ground upon the ground (Isa. 24:18–21).

That in this passage the “earth” is the church is plainly evident; for it is the church that is treated of, whose foundations are said to be “shaken,” and itself to be “broken and moved, and to reel and sway to and fro,” when good and truth are no longer known. The “kings of the ground” are truths; here, falsities, upon which there will be visitation. (That “kings” are truths, and in the opposite sense falsities, see above, n. 1672, 2015; and that “ground,” like “earth,” denotes the church, but with a difference, n. 566, 1068.)

[2] Again:

12내가 사람을 순금보다 희소하게 하며 인생을 오빌의 금보다 희귀하게 하리로다 13그러므로 나 만군의 여호와가 분하여 맹렬히 노하는 날에 하늘을 진동시키며 땅을 흔들어 그 자리에서 떠나게 하리니 (사13:12, 13) I will make a man more rare than fine gold, and a man than the gold of Ophir; therefore I will shake the heaven, and the earth shall be shaken out of her place; in the indignation of Jehovah of Armies, and in the day of the wrath of his anger (Isa. 13:12–13);

speaking of the day of judgment; and in this passage also “earth” clearly denotes the church, which is said to be “shaken out of its place,” when it is changed as to state. (That “place” is state may be seen above, n. 1273–1275, 1377, 2625, 2837.) Again:

16너를 보는 이가 주목하여 너를 자세히 살펴보며 말하기를 이 사람이 땅을 진동시키며 열국을 놀라게 하며 17세계를 황무하게 하며 성읍을 파괴하며 그에게 사로잡힌 자들을 집으로 놓아 보내지 아니하던 자가 아니냐 하리로다 (사14:16, 17) Is this the man that shaketh the earth, that shaketh kingdoms, that maketh the world as a wilderness, and destroyeth the cities thereof? (Isa. 14:16–17);

speaking of Lucifer; the “earth” denotes the church, which he is said to “shake” when man attributes to himself all things of it. (That “kingdoms” are the truths of the church may be seen above, n. 1672, 2547.)

[3] In Ezekiel:

18그 날에 곡이 이스라엘 땅을 치러 오면 내 노여움이 내 얼굴에 나타나리라 주 여호와의 말씀이니라 19내가 질투와 맹렬한 노여움으로 말하였거니와 그 날에 큰 지진이 이스라엘 땅에 일어나서 20바다의 고기들과 공중의 새들과 들의 짐승들과 땅에 기는 모든 벌레와 지면에 있는 모든 사람이 내 앞에서 떨 것이며 모든 산이 무너지며 절벽이 떨어지며 모든 성벽이 땅에 무너지리라 (겔38:18-20) It shall come to pass in that day, when Gog cometh upon the land of Israel, that my wrath shall rise in mine anger; in my zeal and in the fire of my indignation I will speak, Surely in that day there shall be a great earthquake upon the ground of Israel (Ezek. 38:18–20);

“Gog” denotes external worship separate from internal, and thus become idolatrous (n. 1151); the “earth” and the “ground of Israel” denote the spiritual church; the “earthquake,” a change in its state. In Joel:

그 앞에서 땅이 진동하며 하늘이 떨며 해와 달이 캄캄하며 별들이 빛을 거두도다 (욜2:10) The earth quaked before him, the heavens trembled, the sun and the moon became black, and the stars withdrew their brightness (Joel 2:10);

where also the subject is the day of the last judgment; the “earth quaking” denotes a changed state of the church; the “sun and moon,” the good of love and its truth (n. 1529–1530, 2441, 2495), which are said to “become black,” when goods and truths are no longer acknowledged; the “stars” denote the knowledges of good and truth (n. 2495, 2849). In David:

이에 땅이 진동하고 산들의 터도 요동하였으니 그의 진노로 말미암음이로다 (시18:7) The earth was shaken and quaked, and the foundations of the mountains trembled and were shaken, because he was wroth (Ps. 18:7);

the “earth shaken and quaking” denotes the state of the church become perverted.

[4] In John:

12내가 보니 여섯째 인을 떼실 때에 큰 지진이 나며 해가 검은 털로 짠 상복 같이 검어지고 달은 온통 피같이 되며 13하늘의 별들이 무화과나무가 대풍에 흔들려 설익은 열매가 떨어지는 것 같이 땅에 떨어지며 (계6:12, 13) And I beheld when he opened the sixth seal, and lo there was a great earthquake, and the sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the whole moon became as blood, and the stars of heaven fell unto the earth (Rev. 6:12–13);

where the “earthquake, sun, moon, and stars” have a like signification as above in Joel. Again:

그 때에 큰 지진이 나서 성 십분의 일이 무너지고 지진에 죽은 사람이 칠천이라 그 남은 자들이 두려워하여 영광을 하늘의 하나님께 돌리더라 (계11:13) In that hour there was a great earthquake, and the tenth part of the city fell; and there were killed in the earthquake names of men seven thousand (Rev. 11:13).

From all these passages it is evident that an “earthquake” is nothing else than a change in the state of the church; and that in the internal sense the “earth” is nothing else than the church; and as the “earth” is the church, it is evident that by the “new heaven and new earth,” which were to succeed in place of the former (Isa. 65:17; 66:22; Rev. 21:1), there is signified nothing else than a new church internal and external (n. 1733, 1850, 2117–2118).

보라 내가 새 하늘과 새 땅을 창조하나니 이전 것은 기억되거나 마음에 생각나지 아니할 것이라 (사65:17)

내가 지을 새 하늘과 새 땅이 내 앞에 항상 있는 것 같이 너희 자손과 너희 이름이 항상 있으리라 여호와의 말이니라 (사66:22)

또 내가 새 하늘과 새 땅을 보니 처음 하늘과 처음 땅이 없어졌고 바다도 다시 있지 않더라 (계21:1)

3356

The reason a “quaking” or “motion” denotes a change of state, is that it takes place in space and in time; and in the other life there is no idea of space and of time; but in their stead there is state. It is indeed true that in the other life all things appear as in space, and follow one another as if in time; but in themselves the space and time are changes of state, for they come from this source. This is perfectly well known to every spirit, even to the wicked, who by changes of state induced on others cause them to appear in another place, when yet they are not there. Men may know the same from the fact that insofar as a man is in a state of the affections and of the derivative joy; and insofar as he is in a state of the thoughts and of a consequent absence from the body, so far he is not in time; for many hours then appear to him scarcely as one; and this because his internal man or spirit has states to which the spaces and times in the external man correspond. “Motion,” therefore, being a successive progression in space and time, is in the internal sense a change of state.

※ (주1). [이번 에디션에 나오는 레퍼런스들은 모두 엠마뉴엘 스베덴보리(Emanuel Swedenborg)의 '아르카나 코엘레스티아'(Arcana Coelestia, 天界秘義, 1749-1756, 라틴, 창세기, 출애굽기 속뜻 주석)를 비롯, 그가 직접 밝힌 것들입니다. 안 그런 것들은 따로 언급하겠습니다.] 시대의 완성(The consummation of the age, 종말)은 교회의 마지막 시기(the final period of the church)입니다. [References in this edition, unless otherwise noted, are to Emanuel Swedenborg’s Arcana Coelestia and were made by Swedenborg.] The consummation of the age is the final period of the church (n. 4535, 10622).

1 여호와께서 모세에게 이르시되 너는 돌판 둘을 처음 것과 같이 다듬어 만들라 네가 깨뜨린 처음 판에 있던 말을 내가 그 판에 쓰리니 And Jehovah said unto Moses, Hew thee two tables of stones like the former ones, and I will write upon the tables the words that were upon the former tables, which thou brakest.

2 아침까지 준비하고 아침에 시내 산에 올라와 산 꼭대기에서 내게 보이되 And be thou ready against the morning, and come up in the morning unto Mount Sinai, and stand for me there on the head of the mountain.

3 아무도 너와 함께 오르지 말며 온 산에 아무도 나타나지 못하게 하고 양과 소도 산 앞에서 먹지 못하게 하라 And no man shall come up with thee, and moreover no man shall be seen in all the mountain; and no flock or herd shall feed over against this mountain.

4 모세가 돌판 둘을 처음 것과 같이 깎아 만들고 아침에 일찍이 일어나 그 두 돌판을 손에 들고 여호와의 명령대로 시내 산에 올라가니 And he hewed two tables of stones like the former ones, and Moses rose up early in the morning, and went up unto Mount Sinai, as Jehovah commanded him, and took in his hand the two tables of stones.

5 여호와께서 구름 가운데에 강림하사 그와 함께 거기 서서 여호와의 이름을 선포하실새 And Jehovah descended in the cloud, and stood with him there, and called on the name of Jehovah.

6 여호와께서 그의 앞으로 지나시며 선포하시되 여호와라 여호와라 자비롭고 은혜롭고 노하기를 더디하고 인자와 진실이 많은 하나님이라 And Jehovah passed by over his faces, and called, Jehovah, Jehovah, God, merciful and gracious, long-suffering with angers, and great in goodness and in truth.

7 인자를 천대까지 베풀며 악과 과실과 죄를 용서하리라 그러나 벌을 면제하지는 아니하고 아버지의 악행을 자손 삼사 대까지 보응하리라 Keeping goodness unto thousands, bearing iniquity, and transgression, and sin; and in absolving will not absolve; visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the sons, and upon the sons’ sons, upon the thirds and upon the fourths.

8 모세가 급히 땅에 엎드려 경배하며 And Moses made haste, and bowed himself to the earth, and adored.

9 이르되 주여 내가 주께 은총을 입었거든 원하건대 주는 우리와 동행하옵소서 이는 목이 뻣뻣한 백성이니이다 우리의 악과 죄를 사하시고 우리를 주의 기업으로 삼으소서 And he said, If, I pray, I have found grace in thine eyes, O Lord, let the Lord, I pray, go in the midst of us; for it is a stiffnecked people; and be propitious unto our iniquity and unto our sin, and make us thine inheritance.

10601

“And Jehovah said unto Moses” signifies the conclusion about the Israelitish nation; “Hew thee two tables of stones like the former ones” signifies the external of the Word, of the church, and of worship, such as it was on account of that nation; “and I will write upon the tables the words that were upon the former tables, which thou brakest” signifies that the interior Divine celestial and spiritual things [of the Word, of the church, and of worship] are in these externals also; “and be thou ready against the morning, and come up in the morning unto Mount Sinai” signifies a new beginning of the revelation of Divine truth; “and stand for me there upon the head of the mountain” signifies from the inmost heaven where is the Divine love; “and no man shall come up with thee” signifies that the Israelitish nation cannot be in Divine truth; “and moreover no man shall be seen in all the mountain” signifies that they have been quite removed from it, thus outside of it; “and no flock nor herd shall feed over against this mountain” signifies that neither could they be instructed about the interior and exterior good of the church, of worship, and of the Word; “and he hewed two tables of stones like the former ones” signifies the external of the Word, of the church, and of worship, such as it was on account of the Israelitish nation; “and Moses rose up early in the morning, and went up unto Mount Sinai” signifies a new beginning of the revelation of Divine truth; “as Jehovah commanded him” signifies that it was so done because they insisted; “and took in his hand the two tables of stones” signifies the external of the Word, of the church, and of worship, such as it was on account of the Israelitish nation; “and Jehovah descended in the cloud, and stood with him there” signifies the external of the Word in which is the Divine; “and called on the name of Jehovah” signifies the worship of the Lord from the truths and goods of faith and love; “and Jehovah passed by over his faces” signifies internal Divine things over external ones; “and called, Jehovah, Jehovah, God, merciful and gracious” signifies the Divine itself, the Divine human, and the Divine proceeding, from which is all good; “longsuffering with angers” signifies the Divine clemency; “and great in goodness and in truth” signifies that he is good itself and truth itself; “keeping goodness unto thousands” signifies forever; “bearing iniquity, and transgression, and sin” signifies the removal of evil and of its falsity so that it does not appear; “and in absolving will not absolve” signifies bearing even to the consummation; “visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the sons, and upon the sons’ sons” signifies the rejection and condemnation of evils and the derivative falsities in a long series; “upon the thirds and upon the fourths” signifies [the rejection and condemnation] of falsities and the derivative evils; “and Moses made haste, and bowed himself to the earth, and adored” signifies reception then from influx into the external, and worship from humiliation; “and he said, If I pray I have found grace in thine eyes, O Lord” signifies because such an external was received; “let the Lord, I pray, go in the midst of us” signifies that the Divine may be within it; “for it is a stiffnecked people” signifies although the Israelitish nation does not receive the Divine interiorly; “and be propitious unto our iniquity and unto our sin” signifies that their interiors may be removed which abound in falsities and evils; “and make us thine inheritance” signifies that nevertheless the church may be there.

10602. And Jehovah said unto Moses.

10603. Hew thee two tables of stones like the former ones.

10604. And I will write upon the tables the words that were upon the former tables, which thou brakest.

10605. And be thou ready against the morning, and come up in the morning unto Mount Sinai.

10606. And stand for me there upon the head of the mountain.

10607. And no man shall come up with thee.

10608. And moreover no man shall be seen in all the mountain.

10609. And no flock nor herd shall feed over against this mountain.

10610. And he hewed two tables of stones like the former ones,

10611. And Moses rose up early in the morning, and went up unto Mount Sinai.

10612. As Jehovah commanded him.

10613. And he took in his hand the two tables of stones.

10614. And Jehovah descended in the cloud, and stood with him there.

10615. And called on the name of Jehovah.

10616. And Jehovah passed by over his faces.

10617. And called, Jehovah, Jehovah, God, merciful and gracious.

10618. Long-suffering with angers.

10619. And great in goodness and in truth.

10620. Keeping goodness unto thousands.

10621. Bearing iniquity, and transgression, and sin.

10622

그러나 벌을 면제하지는 아니하고 And in absolving will not absolve.

That this signifies bearing even to the consummation is evident from the signification of “absolving” as being to forgive sin; but when it is added, “will not absolve” it denotes to bear. That it denotes even to the consummation is because evil is borne by the Lord even until it is consummated or fulfilled. In the Word throughout mention is made of the “consummation of the age,” and it is said of evil that it has been “consummated,” or “not consummated”; and when it is consummated, that then there is “visitation.” As this is signified by the words “in absolving will not absolve,” it shall be briefly told what is meant there by. In general, by “consummation” is meant the end of the church; and the end of the church is when there is no longer any charity or any faith, because then the church turns itself completely away from the Lord, and is no longer in any good, but in evil. Then is its “consummation,” and then takes place its “visitation.” When visitation takes place, all those who are in evil are rejected, and all those who are in good are received. Visitation takes place in the other life, where all those who have been of the church, from its beginning even to its end, are together. The rejection at that time of the evil into hell, and the salvation of the good is what is called the “last judgment.”

[2] Consummation takes place in particular with every man in almost the same way. Every person, when he comes into the other life, which takes place immediately after death, is tolerated among the good, even if he is evil. But after some lapse of time his interiors are opened, and if these are evil he is then gradually carried into his evil, until he becomes his evil in respect to the will, and the falsity of his evil in respect to the understanding. When this is done, evil is said to be “consummated” with him, and he is then cast into hell. These are the things which are meant by “in absolving will not absolve.” The like is signified by what Jehovah said unto Moses: “Now go, lead the people unto that which I said to thee; behold, mine angel shall go before thee; and in the day of my visitation, I will visit their sin upon them” (Exod. 32:34).

[3] That “consummation” denotes the end of the church is evident from the following passages:

4이스라엘과 유다에 대하여, 11내가 너만은 멸망시키지 아니하리라 결코 무죄한 자로만 여기지는 아니하리라 12네 상처는 고칠 수 없고 네 부상은 중하도다 13네 상처에는 약도 없고 처방도 없도다 (렘30:4, 11-13) With Israel and with Judah I will not make a consummation; nor rendering will I render thee innocent, because thy breach is despaired of, thy wound is sick, thou hast no healing medicines (Jer. 30:4, 11–13; 46:28).

여호와의 말씀이니라 내 종 야곱아 내가 너와 함께 있나니 두려워하지 말라 내가 너를 흩었던 그 나라들은 다 멸할지라도 너는 사라지지 아니하리라 내가 너를 법도대로 징계할 것이요 결코 무죄한 자로 여기지 아니하리라 하시니라 (렘46:28)

딸 시온아 네 죄악의 형벌이 다하였으니 주께서 다시는 너로 사로잡혀 가지 아니하게 하시리로다 딸 에돔아 주께서 네 죄악을 벌하시며 네 허물을 드러내시리로다 (애4:22) Thine iniquity is consummated, O daughter of Zion; he will visit thine iniquity, O daughter of Edom; he will make plain thy sins (Lam. 4:22).

24네 백성을 위하여 일흔 이레를 기한으로 정하였나니 허물이 그치며 죄가 끝나며 죄악이 용서되며, 27포악하여 가증한 것이 날개를 의지하여 설 것이며 또 이미 정한 종말까지 진노가 황폐하게 하는 자에게 쏟아지리라 (단9:24, 27) Seventy weeks have been decreed upon thy people, to consummate the transgression, and to seal up sins, and to expiate iniquity. At last upon the bird of abominations shall be desolation, and even unto the consummation (Dan. 9:24, 27).

39추수 때는 세상 끝이요 40그런즉 가라지를 거두어 불에 사르는 것 같이 세상 끝에도 그러하리라 (마13:39-40) The harvest is the consummation of the age; as the tares are gathered together and burned with fire, so shall it be in the consummation of the age (Matt. 13:39–40).

제자들이 이르되 우리에게 이르소서 주의 임하심과 세상 끝에는 무슨 징조가 있사오리이까 (마24:3) The disciples said unto Jesus, Tell us what is the sign of thy coming, and of the consummation of the age (Matt. 24:3).

볼지어다 내가 세상 끝 날까지 너희와 항상 함께 있으리라 하시니라 (마28:20) Jesus said, Lo, I am with you all the days even unto the consummation of the age (Matt. 28:20).

10623. Visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the sons and upon the sons’ sons.

10624. Upon the thirds and upon the fourths.

10625. And Moses made haste, and bowed himself to the earth, and adored.

10626. And he said, If, I pray, I have found grace in thine eyes, O Lord.

10627. Let the Lord, I pray, go in the midst of us.

10628. For it is a stiffnecked people.

10629. And be propitious unto our iniquity and unto our sin.

10630. And make us thine inheritance.

※ (주1). [이번 에디션에 나오는 레퍼런스들은 모두 엠마뉴엘 스베덴보리(Emanuel Swedenborg)의 '아르카나 코엘레스티아'(Arcana Coelestia, 天界秘義, 1749-1756, 라틴, 창세기, 출애굽기 속뜻 주석)를 비롯, 그가 직접 밝힌 것들입니다. 안 그런 것들은 따로 언급하겠습니다.] 시대의 완성(The consummation of the age, 종말)은 교회의 마지막 시기(the final period of the church)입니다. [References in this edition, unless otherwise noted, are to Emanuel Swedenborg’s Arcana Coelestia and were made by Swedenborg.] The consummation of the age is the final period of the church (n. 4535, 10622).

최후의 심판 THE LAST JUDGMENT (마24)

4535

Preliminary to the foregoing chapters, from chapter 26, an explication has been given of what the Lord foretold about his advent, or the consummation of the age; and it has been repeatedly shown that by his advent or the consummation of the age is signified the last time of the church, which is called in the Word the last judgment. They who do not see beyond the literal sense must suppose that the last judgment is the destruction of the world, and this especially from the Revelation, where it is said:

1또 내가 새 하늘과 새 땅을 보니 처음 하늘과 처음 땅이 없어졌고 바다도 다시 있지 않더라 2또 내가 보매 거룩한 성 새 예루살렘이 하나님께로부터 하늘에서 내려오니 그 준비한 것이 신부가 남편을 위하여 단장한 것 같더라 (계21:1, 2) I saw a new heaven and a new earth; for the former heaven and the former earth had passed away, and the sea was no more. And I saw the holy city new Jerusalem coming down from God out of heaven (Rev. 21:1–2).

And also from the prophecies of Isaiah, where are similar words:

17보라 내가 새 하늘과 새 땅을 창조하나니 이전 것은 기억되거나 마음에 생각나지 아니할 것이라 18너희는 내가 창조하는 것으로 말미암아 영원히 기뻐하며 즐거워할지니라 보라 내가 예루살렘을 즐거운 성으로 창조하며 그 백성을 기쁨으로 삼고 (사65:17, 18) Behold I create new heavens and a new earth; therefore the former things shall not be remembered, nor come up upon the heart; but be ye glad and rejoice forever in that which I create, for behold I create Jerusalem an exultation, and her people a gladness (Isa. 65:17–18; 66:22).

내가 지을 새 하늘과 새 땅이 내 앞에 항상 있는 것 같이 너희 자손과 너희 이름이 항상 있으리라 여호와의 말이니라 (사66:22)

[2] 말씀의 문자적 의미, 곧 겉뜻 너머를 볼 수 없는 사람들은 이 땅과 함께 우주 하늘이 불에 타 없어지고, 죽은 자들이 먼저 일어나 새 하늘과 새 땅에서 지내게 될 것이라고 추론해야만 합니다. 그러나 말씀을 그렇게 이해해서는 안 된다는 건 하늘과 땅을 언급한 다른 많은 구절들을 보면 알 수 있는데요, 말씀의 속뜻(internal sense)을 조금이라도 믿는 사람들은 ‘새 하늘과 새 땅’(a new heaven and a new earth)이란 새 교회, 곧 이전 교회가 지나갈 때(AC.1733, 1850, 3355 참조), 그 뒤를 이을 새 교회를, 그리고 그때 ‘하늘’은 그 속(internal), 즉 그 새 교회의 속을, ‘땅’은 겉(external)을 의미한다는 걸 분명히 압니다. They who do not see beyond the literal sense must infer that the universal heaven together with this earth will be annihilated, and that the dead will then for the first time rise again, and dwell in a new heaven and upon a new earth. But that the Word is not to be so understood may be seen from many other passages where the heavens and the earth are mentioned. They who have any faith in an internal sense can plainly see that by “a new heaven and a new earth” is meant a new church, which shall succeed when the former church passes away (see n. 1733, 1850, 3355); and that the “heaven” is its internal and the “earth” its external.

[3] 이 이전 교회의 마지막 때와 새 교회의 처음 때가 바로 주님이 마태복음 24장과 그의 강림에 대해 말씀하시던 ‘시대의 완성’이라고 하는 것입니다. 그때 주님은 이전 교회를 떠나 새 교회로 옮기시기 때문인데요, 이것이 ‘시대의 완성’임은 말씀의 다른 구절들을 통해서도 알 수 있습니다. 이사야에 보면, This last time of a former church and first time of a new church are what is called the “consummation of the age” of which the Lord spoke in Matthew 24, and also are his advent, for the Lord then leaves the former church and comes to the new church. That this is the “consummation of the age” may be seen also from other passages in the Word, as in Isaiah:

21남은 자 곧 야곱의 남은 자가 능하신 하나님께로 돌아올 것이라 22이스라엘이여 네 백성이 바다의 모래 같을지라도 남은 자만 돌아오리니 넘치는 공의로 파멸이 작정되었음이라 23이미 작정된 파멸을 주 만군의 여호와께서 온 세계 중에 끝까지 행하시리라 (사10:21-23) In that day the remains shall return, the remains of Jacob, unto the mighty God; for although thy people Israel shall be as the sand of the sea, remains of it shall return; a consummation is determined, inundated is righteousness; for a consummation and a determination doth the Lord Jehovih Zebaoth make in the whole earth (Isa. 10:21–23).

그러므로 너희는 오만한 자가 되지 말라 너희 결박이 단단해질까 하노라 대저 온 땅을 멸망시키기로 작정하신 것을 내가 만군의 주 여호와께로부터 들었느니라 (사28:22) Now be ye not scorners, lest your punishments be strengthened; for a consummation and a decision have I heard from—with the Lord Jehovih Zebaoth upon the whole earth (Isa. 28:22).

예레미야에는, In Jeremiah:

여호와께서 이와 같이 말씀하시길 이 온 땅이 황폐할 것이나 내가 진멸하지는 아니할 것이며 (렘4:27) Thus said Jehovah, The whole earth shall be a waste, yet will I not make a consummation (Jer. 4:27).

스바냐에는, In Zephaniah:

17내가 사람들에게 고난을 내려 맹인 같이 행하게 하리니 이는 그들이 나 여호와께 범죄하였음이라 또 그들의 피는 쏟아져서 티끌 같이 되며 그들의 살은 분토 같이 될지라 18이는 여호와가 이 땅 모든 주민을 멸절하되 놀랍게 멸절할 것임이라 (습1:17, 18) I will bring men into distresses, and they shall go like the blind, because they have sinned against Jehovah; and their blood shall be poured out like dust, and their flesh like dung, for Jehovah shall make a consummation, yea, a speedy one, with all them that dwell in the land (Zeph. 1:17–18).

여기서 언급된 ‘완성’(the consummation, 파멸, 멸망, 진멸, 멸절)은 교회의 마지막 때이며, ‘땅’(the earth)은 교회임은 구체적으로 들어가면 더욱 분명해집니다. That the “consummation” here mentioned is the last time of the church, and that the “earth” is the church, is manifest from the particulars.

[4] That “earth” or “land” denotes the church, comes from the fact that the land of Canaan was the land where the church had been from the most ancient times, and where afterwards there was the representative of a church among the descendants of Jacob. When this land is said to be “consummated,” it is not the nation in it that is meant, but it is the holy of worship that exists with the nation where the church is. For the Word is spiritual, and the land itself is not spiritual, nor the nation therein, but that which is of the church. (That the land of Canaan was the land where the church had been from the most ancient times may be seen above, n. 567, 3686, 4447, 4454, 4516, 4517; and that for this reason by “land” in the Word is signified the church, n. 566, 662, 1066, 1067, 1262, 3355, 4447.) From this it is manifest what is meant in Isaiah by “making a consummation in the whole land,” or “earth,” and in Zephaniah by the “speedy consummation of all that dwell in the land.” That the Jewish nation which dwelt in that land was not consummated, but the holy of worship with them, is well known.

[5] That this is the “consummation” appears still more plainly in Daniel:

24네 백성과 네 거룩한 성을 위하여 일흔 이레를 기한으로 정하였나니 허물이 그치며 죄가 끝나며 죄악이 용서되며 영원한 의가 드러나며 환상과 예언이 응하며 또 지극히 거룩한 이가 기름 부음을 받으리라, 27그가 그 이레의 절반에 제사와 예물을 금지할 것이며 또 포악하여 가증한 것이 날개를 의지하여 설 것이며 또 이미 정한 종말까지 진노가 황폐하게 하는 자에게 쏟아지리라 (단9:24, 27) Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people, and upon thy city of holiness, to consummate the transgression, and to seal up sins, and to expiate iniquity, and to bring in the righteousness of an age, and to seal up vision and prophet, and to anoint the holy of holies; in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease; at last upon the bird of abominations shall be desolation; and even to the consummation and the determination shall it drop upon the devastation (Dan. 9:24, 27).

[6] From all this it may now be seen that by the “consummation of the age,” respecting which the disciples said to the Lord, “What shall be the sign of thy coming and of the consummation of the age?” (Matt. 24:3) nothing else is signified than the last time of the church; and also by these words of the Lord, which are the last in the same evangelist: “Jesus said to the disciples, Teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you; and lo, I am with you all the days even unto the consummation of the age” (Matt. 28:20). It was said by the Lord that he would be with the disciples even to the consummation of the age, because by the Lord’s twelve disciples the like is signified as by the twelve tribes of Israel, namely, all things of love and faith, consequently all things of the church (see n. 3354, 3488, 3858); which is the same as is meant by the twelve tribes (n. 3858, 3926, 3939, 4060). That it is the consummation of the church when there is no longer any charity and therefore no faith. That in this church which is called Christian scarcely anything of charity and its derivative faith survives, thus that the consummation of its age is now at hand, will of the Lord’s Divine mercy be shown in the following pages.

※ 위 글 제목의 넘버링에 대하여 : 'HH.0.0.1'에서 'HH'는 책 제목에 대한 약어 (※ 이 약어는 스베덴보리 전 저작에 대하여 세계 공용으로 정해진 것), 첫 번째 '0'은 부 (※ 이 책은 총 3부로 되어 있음, 1부는 천국, 2부는 중간 영계, 3부는 지옥), 두 번째 '0'은 장 (※ 이 책은 서문 및 부록 제외, 총 63장으로 되어 있음), 맨 끝자리 '1'은 이 책의 글 번호 (※ 이 책은 총 603개의 글로 되어 있음), 즉 이 'HH.0.0.1'은 이 1번 글은 책 '천국과 지옥'의 서문이라는 뜻입니다. 예로, 'HH.1.4.20-28'은 1부 4장은 20번 글에서 28번 글까지로 되어 있다는 뜻이고요.

저자 서문 Author’s Preface

1

주께서 시대의 완성(the consummation of the age), 곧 교회의 마지막 시기(the final period of the church)(주1)에 관해 제자들 있는 데서 말씀하시면서, 교회가 장차 사랑과 신앙(love and faith)(주2)이라는 면에서 어떤 상태로 이어질 것인가에 관한 예언 후반에 하신 말씀입니다. The Lord, speaking in the presence of his disciples of the consummation of the age, which is the final period of the church,1 says, near the end of what he foretells about its successive states in respect to love and faith:2

주1. [별도 언급이 없는 한, 이번 판의 모든 참조는 엠마누엘 스베덴보리의 아르카나 코엘레스티아에 관한 것이며, 스베덴보리가 작성한 것입니다. 시대의 종말(완성)은 교회의 마지막 때, 시기입니다. [References in this edition, unless otherwise noted, are to Emanuel Swedenborg’s Arcana Coelestia and were made by Swedenborg.] The consummation of the age is the final period of the church (n. 4535, 10622).

주2. 주께서 마지막 때와 주님의 오심, 그리고 결과적으로 교회가 어떻게 황폐해져 갈 것과, 최후의 심판 등에 대해 예언하신 내용(마24, 25)이 창세기 26장에서 40장까지 각 서문에 설명되어 있습니다. The Lord’s predictions in Matthew (24 and 25), respecting the consummation of the age and His coming, and the consequent successive vastation of the church and the final judgment, are explained in the prefaces to chapters 26–40 of Genesis (n. 3353–3356, 3486–3489, 3650–3655, 3751–3757, 3897–3901, 4056–4060, 4229–4231, 4332–4335, 4422–4424, 4635–4638, 4661–4664, 4807–4810, 4954–4959, 5063–5071).

29그 날 환난 후에 즉시 해가 어두워지며 달이 빛을 내지 아니하며 별들이 하늘에서 떨어지며 하늘의 권능들이 흔들리리라 30그 때에 인자의 징조가 하늘에서 보이겠고 그 때에 땅의 모든 족속들이 통곡하며 그들이 인자가 구름을 타고 능력과 큰 영광으로 오는 것을 보리라 31그가 큰 나팔소리와 함께 천사들을 보내리니 그들이 그의 택하신 자들을 하늘 이 끝에서 저 끝까지 사방에서 모으리라 (마24:29-31) Immediately after the tribulation of those days the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken. And then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven; and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn; and they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. And he shall send forth his angels with a trumpet and a great sound; and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from the end to end of the heavens. (Matt. 24:29–31)

이 말씀을 글자 그대로(the sense of the letter) 이해하시는 분들은 마지막 때, 곧 최후의 심판이라 하는 때에 이 모든 일이 글자 그대로(the literal sense) 일어나게 되리라 믿을 수밖에 없는데요, 예를 들면, 정말로 해와 달이 어두워지며, 별들이 하늘로부터 떨어지고, 주의 징조가 하늘에 나타나는데 친히 나팔을 든 천사들과 함께 구름 가운데 오신다 믿는 것입니다. 게다가 다른 데서도 예언되었듯, 눈에 보이는 이 모든 세계가 파괴되고, 새 하늘과 새 땅이 도래한다 믿는 것이지요. 이런 견해는 오늘날 교회 교인들 대부분의 생각입니다. Those who understand these words according to the sense of the letter have no other belief than that during that latest period, which is called the final judgment, all these things are to come to pass just as they are described in the literal sense, that is, that the sun and moon will be darkened and the stars will fall from the sky, that the sign of the Lord will appear in the sky, and he himself will be seen in the clouds, attended by angels with trumpets; and furthermore, as is foretold elsewhere, that the whole visible universe will be destroyed, and afterwards a new heaven with a new earth will come into being. Such is the opinion of most men in the church at the present day.

※ 이 글에서 말하는 ‘오늘날’(the present day)은 이 책이 처음 출판된 1750년대이겠지만, 그러나 270여 년이 지난 2023년 요즈음도 그때와 별반 크게 다르지 않음을 느낍니다.

그러나 그렇게 믿는 분들은 말씀에는 그 모든 구석구석 숨겨진 아르카나(arcana, 라틴 복수, 단수는 arcanum, 숨은 뜻, 秘義)가 있음을 모르고 있는 것입니다. 말씀 속 모든 구석구석에는 겉 글자가 가리키는 세상의 일, 자연적인 일들 외에 천국의 일, 영적인 일들을 가리키는 내적인 뜻, 속뜻(內的, an internal sense)이 있습니다. 이것은 말씀의 구절들뿐 아니라 각각의 단어들(주3)도 그렇습니다. 말씀은 그 가장 세부적인 데까지도 내적인 뜻을 담기 위해 오로지 상응(相應, correspondences)(주4)으로만 기록되었기 때문입니다. 그 뜻이 무엇인지에 관해서는 [1749-1756에 걸쳐 출간된] ‘아르카나 코엘레스티아’(Arcana Coelestia, 天界秘義)를 보시면, 그 안에 모든것을 말씀드렸으며, 보실 수 있습니다. 또한, 계시록에 관한 내용인 [1758에 출간한, 계시록 19장에 나오는] ‘백마’(白馬, the White Horse)에 관한 설명에도 보면 관련 내용이 있어 인용하였으니 참고하시기 바랍니다.  But those who so believe are ignorant of the arcana that lie hidden in every particular of the Word. For in every particular of the Word there is an internal sense which treats of things spiritual and heavenly, not of things natural and worldly, such as are treated of in the sense of the letter. And this is true not only of the meaning of groups of words, it is true of each particular word.3 For the Word is written solely by correspondences,4 to the end that there may be an internal sense in every least particular of it.

What that sense is can be seen from all that has been said and shown about it in Arcana Coelestia [published 1749–1756]; also from quotations gathered from that work in the explanation of the White Horse [of the Apocalypse, published 1758] spoken of in Revelation.

주3. 말씀은 전체적으로나 부분적으로나 속뜻, 혹은 영적인 뜻이 있습니다. Both in the wholes and particulars of the Word there is an internal or spiritual sense (n. 1143, 1984, 2135, 2333, 2395, 2495, 4442, 9048, 9063, 9086).

주4. 말씀은 오직 상응으로만 기록되어 있습니다. 이런 이유로, 말씀은 그 안에 개별적이든, 전체적이든 어떤 영적인 의미들을 갖게 됩니다. The Word is written solely by correspondences, and for this reason each thing and all things in it have a spiritual meaning (n. 1404, 1408, 1409, 1540, 1619, 1659, 1709, 1783, 2900, 9086).

앞서 인용한 구절에서 하늘 구름을 타고 오시리라는 주님 말씀도 그래서 그 속뜻으로 이해해야 하는데요, 그 본문에서 ‘해’는 사랑으로 보는 주님을(주5), ‘달’은 신앙으로 보는 주님을(주6), ‘별들’은 선과 진리 혹은 사랑과 신앙에 관한 지식들을(주7) 각각 가리키며, 계속해서 ‘인자의 징조가 하늘에서 보이겠고’는 신적 진리가 드러나는 것을, 통곡하는 ‘땅의 모든 족속들’은 진리와 선, 혹은 신앙과 사랑에 관련된 모든 것을(주8), ‘인자가 구름을 타고 능력과 큰 영광으로 오는 것’은 주께서 말씀 안에 임하시는 것과 계시를(주9), ‘구름’은 말씀의 겉 글자의 뜻을(주10), ‘영광’은 말씀의 속뜻을(주11), ‘큰 나팔소리와 함께 천사들을’은 신적 진리의 근원인 천국을(주12) 각각 가리키는 것입니다. 이상으로 미루어 볼 때, 위 인용구절에 관한 주님 말씀의 참된 의미는 바로 다음과 같습니다. ‘교회의 마지막 때, 곧 더 이상 사랑이 없고, 그 결과 신앙도 없는 때가 되면, 주께서 말씀의 속뜻을 열어 천국의 비밀을 밝히실 것이다.’ 이제 이어지는 이 책의 내용들 가운데 드러나게 될 아르카나는 천국과 지옥에 관한 것이며, 사람의 사후 삶에 관한 것입니다. 오늘날(※ 역주, 1750년대, 이 책 발행연도가 1758년임) 교인들 대부분은 사실 천국과 지옥 혹은 사후 삶에 관하여 아는 게 거의 없습니다. 이 모든 게 사실, 말씀 가운데 다 드러나 있고, 기록되어 있는데도 불구하고 말이지요. 그리고 그들 중 다수가 교회에서 태어났음에도 불구하고, 이런 사실들 믿기를 거절하고 있습니다. 속으로 이렇게 말하면서 말이지요. ‘누가 거기서 와서 우리에게 말하기라도 했나?’ 특히 세속적 지혜가 많은 사람들 사이 팽배해 있는, 이 천국에 관한 성경의 가르침을 거부하는 고약한 심성이, 단순한 마음, 단순한 신앙을 가진 사람들에게 전염되어 그들을 타락시키지 못하도록 주님은 그동안 나로 하여금 마치 사람들과 대화하듯 천사들과 말하게 하시고, 또 천국과 지옥의 모든 것을 낱낱이 보게 하셨습니다. 13년간 지속되어 온 이런 영계 체험 끝에, 이제 주님은 저로 하여금 그동안 제가 보고 듣고 한 모든 것을 이렇게 글로 남겨 사람들에게 설명하게 하셨습니다. 저의 기록을 통해 사람들이 그동안 모르던 것을 밝히 깨닫고, 사람의 사후에도 삶이 지속되며, 천국과 지옥이 있다는 것을 분명히 알도록, 그래서 불신앙이 사라지기를 바라셨기 때문입니다. 주께서 이때 이런 직접 계시를 허락하시는 것은, 이것이 바로 주님의 오심을 의미하기 때문입니다. It is according to that sense that what the Lord says in the passage quoted above respecting his coming in the clouds of heaven is to be understood. The “sun” there that is to be darkened signifies the Lord in respect to love;5 the “moon” the Lord in respect to faith;6 “stars” knowledges of good and truth, or of love and faith;7 “the sign of the Son of man in heaven” the manifestation of Divine truth; “the tribes of the earth” that shall mourn, all things relating to truth and good or to faith and love;8 “the coming of the Lord in the clouds of heaven with power and glory” his presence in the Word, and revelation,9 “clouds” signifying the sense of the letter of the Word,10 and “glory” the internal sense of the Word;11 “the angels with a trumpet and great voice” signify heaven as a source of Divine truth.12 All this makes clear that these words of the Lord mean that at the end of the church, when there is no longer any love, and consequently no faith, the Lord will open the internal meaning of the Word and reveal arcana of heaven. The arcana revealed in the following pages relate to heaven and hell, and also to the life of man after death. The man of the church at this date knows scarcely anything about heaven and hell or about his life after death, although all these matters are set forth and described in the Word; and yet many of those born within the church refuse to believe in them, saying in their hearts, “Who has come from that world and told us?” Lest, therefore, such a spirit of denial, which especially prevails with those who have much worldly wisdom, should also infect and corrupt the simple in heart and the simple in faith, it has been granted me to associate with angels and to talk with them as man with man, also to see what is in the heavens and what is in the hells, and this for thirteen years; so now from what I have seen and heard it has been granted me to describe these, in the hope that ignorance may thus be enlightened and unbelief dissipated. Such immediate revelation is granted at this day because this is what is meant by the coming of the Lord.

주5. 말씀에서 ‘해’는 사랑 관점에서 본 주님을 상징하며, 그 결과, 주님 사랑을 상징합니다. In the Word the “sun” signifies the Lord in respect to love, and in consequence love to the Lord (n. 1529, 1837, 2441, 2495, 4060, 4696, 7083, 10809).

주6. 말씀에서 ‘달’은 신앙 관점에서 본 주님을 상징하며, 그 결과, 주심 신앙을 상징합니다. In the Word the “moon” signifies the Lord in respect to faith, and in consequence faith in the Lord (n. 1529, 1530, 2495, 4060, 4696, 7083).

주7. 말씀에서 ‘별’은 선과 진리에 관한 지식을 상징합니다. In the Word “stars” signify knowledges of good and truth (n. 2495, 2849, 4697).

주8. ‘모든 족속들’은 세상 모든 선과 진리, 곧 사랑과 신앙 관련 모든 것을 상징합니다. “Tribes” signify all truths and goods in the complex, thus all things of faith and love (n. 3858, 3926, 4060, 6335).

주9. 주의 오심은 말씀 속 현존과 계시를 상징합니다. The coming of the Lord signifies His presence in the Word, and revelation (n. 3900, 4060).

주10. 말씀에서 ‘구름’은 겉 글자에 들어있는 말씀이나 겉뜻을 상징합니다. In the Word “clouds” signify the Word in the letter or the sense of its letter (n. 4060, 4391, 5922, 6343, 6752, 8106, 8781, 9430, 10551, 10574).

주11. 말씀에서 ‘영광’은 천국에 있을 때의 신적 진리 및 말씀의 속뜻으로 있을 때의 신적 진리를 상징합니다. In the Word “glory” signifies Divine truth as it is in heaven and as it is in the internal sense of the Word (n. 4809, 5922, 8267, 8427, 9429, 10574).

주12. ‘큰 나팔’은 천국의 신적 진리 및 천국으로부터 계시된 신적 진리를 상징합니다. ‘소리’ 역시 같은 걸 상징합니다. A “trumpet” or “horn” signifies Divine truth in heaven, and revealed from heaven (n. 8158, 8823, 8915); and “voice” has a like signification (n. 6771, 9926).